Llista de guardonats amb el Premi Nobel

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Llista de guardonats amb el Premi Nobel.



Els premis Nobel (suec: Nobelpriset, noruec: Nobelprisen) són guardonats anualment per la Reial Acadèmia Sueca de Ciències, l'Acadèmia Sueca, l'Institut Karolinska i pel Comitè Noruec del Nobel a individus o organitzacions que van fer contribucions destacades en el camp de la química, física, literatura, pau i fisiologia o medicina. Van ser establert el 1895 a voluntat d'Alfred Nobel, qui va dictar que haurien de ser lliurats per la Fundació Nobel. Un altre premi, el Premi Nobel d'Economia, es va establir el 1986 pel Sveriges Riksbank, el banc central de Suècia, per contribuïdors del camp de l'economia
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SNo,Any,Fsica,Qumica,Medicina o,Literatura,Pau,Economia,,,,Fisiologia,,,1,1901,Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen,Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff,Emil von Behring,Sully Prudhomme,Jean Henri Dunant;,,,,,,,Frdric Passy,2,1902,Hendrik A. Lorentz;,Hermann Emil Fischer,Ronald Ross,Theodor Mommsen,lie Ducommun;,,,Pieter Zeeman,,,,Charles Albert Gobat,3,1903,Henri Becquerel;,Svante Arrhenius,Niels Ryberg Finsen,Bjrnstjerne Bjrnson,William Randal Cremer,,,Pierre Curie;,,,,,,,Marie Curie,,,,,4,1904,Lord Rayleigh,William Ramsay,Ivan Petrvitx Pvlov,Frdric Mistral;,Institut de Droit International,,,,,,Jos Echegaray,,5,1905,Philipp Lenard,Adolf von Baeyer,Robert Koch,Henryk Sienkiewicz,Bertha von Suttner,6,1906,Joseph John Thomson,Henri Moissan,Camillo Golgi;,Giosu Carducci,Theodore Roosevelt,,,,,Santiago Ramn y Cajal,,,7,1907,Albert Abraham Michelson,Eduard Buchner,Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran,Rudyard Kipling,Ernesto Teodoro Moneta;,,,,,,,Louis Renault,8,1908,Gabriel Lippmann,Ernest Rutherford,Ili Ilitx Mtxnikov;,Rudolf Christoph Eucken,Klas Pontus Arnoldson;,,,,,Paul Ehrlich,,Fredrik Bajer,9,1909,Karl Ferdinand Braun;,Wilhelm Ostwald,Emil Theodor Kocher,Selma Lagerlf,Auguste Marie Franois Beernaert;,,,Guglielmo Marconi,,,,Paul d'Estournelles de Constant,10,1910,Johannes Diderik van der Waals,Otto Wallach,Albrecht Kossel,Paul Heyse,Oficina Internacional per la Pau,11,1911,Wilhelm Wien,Marie Curie,Allvar Gullstrand,Maurice Maeterlinck,Tobias Michael Carel Asser;,,,,,,,Alfred Hermann Fried,12,1912,Gustaf Daln,Victor Grignard;,Alexis Carrel,Gerhart Hauptmann,Elihu Root,,,,Paul Sabatier,,,,13,1913,Heike Kamerlingh Onnes,Alfred Werner,Charles Richet,Rabindranath Tagore,Henri La Fontaine,14,1914,Max von Laue,Theodore William Richards,Robert Brny,No atorgat,No atorgat,15,1915,William Henry Bragg,Richard Martin Willsttter,No atorgat,Romain Rolland,No atorgat,,,William Lawrence Bragg,,,,,16,1916,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,Verner von Heidenstam,No atorgat,17,1917,Charles Glover Barkla,No atorgat,No atorgat,Karl Adolph Gjellerup;,Comit Internacional de la Creu Roja,,,,,,Henrik Pontoppidan,,18,1918,Max Planck,Fritz Haber,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,19,1919,Johannes Stark,No atorgat,Jules Bordet,Carl Spitteler,Woodrow Wilson,20,1920,Charles Edouard Guillaume,Walther Hermann Nernst,August Krogh,Knut Hamsun,Lon Bourgeois,21,1921,Albert Einstein,Frederick Soddy,No atorgat,Anatole France,Hjalmar Branting;,,,,,,,Christian Lous Lange,22,1922,Niels Bohr,Francis William Aston,Archibald Hill;,Jacinto Benavente,Fridtjof Nansen,,,,,Otto Fritz Meyerhof,,,23,1923,Robert Andrews Millikan,Fritz Pregl,Frederick Banting;,William Butler Yeats,No atorgat,,,,,John James Richard Macleod,,,24,1924,Manne Siegbahn,No atorgat,Willem Einthoven,W?adys?aw Reymont,No atorgat,25,1925,James Franck;,Richard Adolf Zsigmondy,No atorgat,George Bernard Shaw,Austen Chamberlain;,,,Gustav Hertz,,,,Charles G. Dawes,26,1926,Jean Baptiste Perrin,Theodor Svedberg,Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger,Grazia Deledda,Aristide Briand;,,,,,,,Gustav Stresemann,27,1927,Arthur H. Compton;,Heinrich Otto Wieland,Julius Wagner-Jauregg,Henri Bergson,Ferdinand Buisson;,,,Charles Thomson Rees Wilson,,,,Ludwig Quidde,28,1928,Owen Willans Richardson,Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus,Charles Nicolle,Sigrid Undset,No atorgat,29,1929,Louis de Broglie,Arthur Harden;,Christiaan Eijkman;,Thomas Mann,Frank Billings Kellogg,,,,Hans von Euler-Chelpin,Frederick Gowland Hopkins,,,30,1930,Chandrasekhara Raman,Hans Fischer,Karl Landsteiner,Sinclair Lewis,Nathan Sderblom,31,1931,No atorgat,Carl Bosch;,Otto Heinrich Warburg,Erik Axel Karlfeldt,Jane Addams;,,,,Friedrich Bergius,,,Nicholas Murray Butler,32,1932,Werner Heisenberg,Irving Langmuir,Charles Scott Sherrington;,John Galsworthy,No atorgat,,,,,Edgar Douglas Adrian,,,33,1933,Erwin Schrdinger;,No atorgat,Thomas Hunt Morgan,Ivan Bunin,Ralph Norman Angell,,,Paul Dirac,,,,,34,1934,No atorgat,Harold Clayton Urey,George Whipple;,Luigi Pirandello,Arthur Henderson,,,,,George Minot;,,,,,,,William Parry Murphy,,,35,1935,James Chadwick,Frdric Joliot-Curie;,Hans Spemann,No atorgat,Carl von Ossietzky,,,,Irne Joliot-Curie,,,,36,1936,Victor Franz Hess;,Peter Debye,Henry Hallett Dale;,Eugene O'Neill,Carlos Saavedra Lamas,,,Carl David Anderson,,Otto Loewi,,,37,1937,Clinton Davisson;,Walter Haworth;,Albert Szent-Gyrgyi,Roger Martin du Gard,Robert Cecil of Chelwood,,,George Paget Thomson,Paul Karrer,,,,38,1938,Enrico Fermi,Richard Kuhn,Corneille Heymans,Pearl S. Buck,Passaport Nansen,39,1939,Ernest Lawrence,Adolf Butenandt;,Gerhard Domagk,Frans Eemil Sillanp,No atorgat,,,,Lavoslav Rui?ka,,,,40,1940,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,41,1941,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,42,1942,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,No atorgat,43,1943,Otto Stern,George de Hevesy,Henrik Dam;,No atorgat,No atorgat,,,,,Edward Adelbert Doisy,,,44,1944,Isidor Isaac Rabi,Otto Hahn,Joseph Erlanger;,Johannes Vilhelm Jensen,Comit Internacional de la Creu Roja,,,,,Herbert Spencer Gasser,,,45,1945,Wolfgang Pauli,Artturi Ilmari Virtanen,Alexander Fleming;,Gabriela Mistral,Cordell Hull,,,,,Ernst Boris Chain;,,,,,,,Howard Walter Florey,,,46,1946,Percy Williams Bridgman,James B. Sumner;,Hermann Joseph Muller,Hermann Hesse,Emily Greene Balch;,,,,John Howard Northrop;,,,John Mott,,,,Wendell Meredith Stanley,,,,47,1947,Edward V. Appleton,Robert Robinson,Carl Ferdinand Cori;,Andr Gide,Friends Service Council;,,,,,Gerty Theresa Cori;,,American Friends Service Committee,,,,,Bernardo Houssay,,,48,1948,Patrick Blackett,Arne Tiselius,Paul Hermann Mller,T. S. Eliot,No atorgat,49,1949,Hideki Yukawa,William Giauque,Walter Rudolf Hess;,William Faulkner,John Boyd Orr,,,,,Antnio Egas Moniz,,,50,1950,Cecil Powell,Otto Diels;,Philip Showalter Hench;,Bertrand Russell,Ralph Bunche,,,,Kurt Alder,Edward Calvin Kendall;,,,,,,,Tadeus Reichstein,,,51,1951,John Cockcroft;,Edwin McMillan;,Max Theiler,Pr Lagerkvist,Lon Jouhaux,,,Ernest Walton,Glenn T. Seaborg,,,,52,1952,Felix Bloch;,Archer John Porter Martin;,Selman Waksman,Franois Mauriac,Albert Schweitzer,,,Edward M. Purcell,Richard Laurence Millington Synge,,,,53,1953,Frits Zernike,Hermann Staudinger,Hans Adolf Krebs;,Winston Churchill,George Marshall,,,,,Fritz Albert Lipmann,,,54,1954,Max Born;,Linus Pauling,John Franklin Enders;,Ernest Hemingway,ACNUR,,,Walther Bothe,,Frederick Chapman Robbins;,,,,,,,Thomas Huckle Weller,,,55,1955,Willis Lamb;,Vincent du Vigneaud,Hugo Theorell,Halldr Laxness,No atorgat,,,Polykarp Kusch,,,,,56,1956,John Bardeen;,Cyril Norman Hinshelwood;,Andr Frdric Cournand;,Juan Ramn Jimnez,No atorgat,,,Walter Houser Brattain;,Nikolai Semenov,Werner Forssmann;,,,,,William Shockley,,Dickinson W. Richards,,,57,1957,Chen Ning Yang;,Alexander Robertus Todd,Daniel Bovet,Albert Camus,Lester B. Pearson,,,Tsung-Dao Lee,,,,,58,1958,Pavel A. Cherenkov;,Frederick Sanger,George Wells Beadle;,Boris Pasternak,Georges Pire,,,Ili Frank;,,Edward Lawrie Tatum;,,,,,gor Tamm,,Joshua Lederberg,,,59,1959,Emilio Segr;,Jaroslav Heyrovsk,Arthur Kornberg;,Salvatore Quasimodo,Philip Noel-Baker,,,Owen Chamberlain,,Severo Ochoa,,,60,1960,Donald A. Glaser,Willard Libby,Frank Macfarlane Burnet;,Saint-John Perse,Albert Lutuli,,,,,Peter Medawar,,,61,1961,Robert Hofstadter;,Melvin Calvin,Georg von Bksy,Ivo Andri?,Dag Hammarskjld,,,Rudolf Mssbauer,,,,,62,1962,Lev Landau,Max Perutz;,Francis Crick;,John Steinbeck,Linus Pauling,,,,John Kendrew,James D. Watson;,,,,,,,Maurice Wilkins,,,63,1963,Eugene Wigner;,Karl Ziegler;,John Carew Eccles;,Giorgos Seferis,Comit Internacional de la Creu Roja;,,,Maria Goeppert-Mayer;,Giulio Natta,Alan Lloyd Hodgkin;,,Societats Nacionals de la Creu Roja i la Mitja Lluna Roja,,,J. Hans D. Jensen,,Andrew Huxley,,,64,1964,Charles H. Townes;,Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin,Konrad Emil Bloch;,Jean-Paul Sartre,"Martin Luther King, Jr.",,,Nikolai Bssov;,,Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen,,,,,Aleksandr Mikhilovitx Prkhorov,,,,,65,1965,Sin-Itiro Tomonaga;,Robert Burns Woodward,Franois Jacob;,Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov,UNICEF,,,Julian Schwinger;,,Andr Lwoff;,,,,,Richard P. Feynman,,Jacques Monod,,,66,1966,Alfred Kastler,Robert S. Mulliken,Francis Peyton Rous;,Shmuel Yosef Agnon;,No atorgat,,,,,Charles Brenton Huggins,Nelly Sachs,,67,1967,Hans Bethe,Manfred Eigen;,Ragnar Granit;,Miguel ngel Asturias,No atorgat,,,,Ronald George Wreyford Norrish;,Haldan Keffer Hartline;,,,,,,George Porter,George Wald,,,68,1968,Luis Walter lvarez,Lars Onsager,Robert W. Holley;,Yasunari Kawabata,Ren Cassin,,,,,Har Gobind Khorana;,,,,,,,Marshall Warren Nirenberg,,,69,1969,Murray Gell-Mann,Derek Barton;,Max Delbrck;,Samuel Beckett,Organitzaci Internacional del Treball,Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch;,,,Odd Hassel,Alfred Hershey;,,,Jan Tinbergen,,,,Salvador Luria,,,70,1970,Hannes Alfvn;,Luis Federico Leloir,Julius Axelrod;,Aleksandr Soljenitsin,Norman Borlaug,Paul Samuelson,,Louis Nel,,Ulf von Euler;,,,,,,,Bernard Katz,,,71,1971,Dennis Gabor,Gerhard Herzberg,Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr.,Pablo Neruda,Willy Brandt,Simon Kuznets72,1972,John Bardeen;,Christian B. Anfinsen;,Gerald Edelman;,Heinrich Bll,No atorgat,John Hicks;,,Leon Neil Cooper;,Stanford Moore;,Rodney Robert Porter,,,Kenneth Arrow,,Robert Schrieffer,William Howard Stein,,,,73,1973,Leo Esaki;,Ernst Otto Fischer;,Karl von Frisch;,Patrick White,Henry Kissinger;,Wassily Leontief,,Ivar Giaever;,Geoffrey Wilkinson,Konrad Lorenz;,,L ?c Th?,,,Brian David Josephson,,Nikolaas Tinbergen,,,74,1974,Martin Ryle;,Paul Flory,Albert Claude;,Eyvind Johnson;,Sen MacBride;,Gunnar Myrdal;,,Antony Hewish,,Christian de Duve;,Harry Martinson,Eisaku Sato,Friedrich Hayek,,,,George Emil Palade,,,75,1975,Aage Bohr;,John Cornforth;,David Baltimore;,Eugenio Montale,Andrei Sakharov,Leonid Kantorovich;,,Ben Roy Mottelson;,Vladimir Prelog,Renato Dulbecco;,,,Tjalling Koopmans,,James Rainwater,,Howard Martin Temin,,,76,1976,Burton Richter;,William Lipscomb,Baruch Samuel Blumberg;,Saul Bellow,Betty Williams;,Milton Friedman,,Samuel Chao Chung Ting,,Daniel Carlton Gajdusek,,Mairead Corrigan,77,1977,Philip Warren Anderson;,Ilya Prigogine,Roger Guillemin;,Vicente Aleixandre,Amnistia Internacional,Bertil Ohlin;,,Nevill Francis Mott;,,Andrew Victor Schally;,,,James Meade,,John H. van Vleck,,Rosalyn Sussman Yalow,,,78,1978,Pyotr Kapitsa;,Peter D. Mitchell,Werner Arber;,Isaac Bashevis Singer,Anwar El Sadat;,Herbert Simon,,Arno Penzias;,,Daniel Nathans;,,Menachem Begin,,,Robert Woodrow Wilson,,Hamilton O. Smith,,,79,1979,Sheldon Glashow;,Herbert C. Brown;,Allan McLeod Cormack;,Odysseas Elytis,Teresa de Calcuta,Theodore Schultz;,,Abdus Salam;,Georg Wittig,Godfrey Hounsfield,,,William Arthur Lewis,,Steven Weinberg,,,,,80,1980,James Cronin;,Paul Berg;,Baruj Benacerraf;,Czes?aw Mi?osz,Adolfo Prez Esquivel,Lawrence Klein,,Val Logsdon Fitch,Walter Gilbert;,Jean Dausset;,,,,,,Frederick Sanger,George Davis Snell,,,81,1981,Nicolaas Bloembergen;,Kenichi Fukui;,Roger W. Sperry;,Elias Canetti,ACNUR,James Tobin,,Arthur Leonard Schawlow;,Roald Hoffmann,David H. Hubel;,,,,,Kai M. Siegbahn,,Torsten N. Wiesel,,,82,1982,Kenneth G. Wilson,Aaron Klug,Sune Bergstrm;,Gabriel Garca Mrquez,Alva Myrdal;,George Stigler,,,,Bengt I. Samuelsson;,,Alfonso Garca Robles,,,,,John Robert Vane,,,83,1983,Subramanyan Chandrasekhar;,Henry Taube,Barbara McClintock,William Golding,Lech Wa??sa,Grard Debreu,,William Alfred Fowler,,,,,84,1984,Carlo Rubbia;,Robert Bruce Merrifield,Niels Kaj Jerne;,Jaroslav Seifert,Desmond Tutu,Richard Stone,,Simon van der Meer,,Georges J. F. Khler;,,,,,,,Csar Milstein,,,85,1985,Klaus von Klitzing,Herbert A. Hauptman;,Michael Stuart Brown;,Claude Simon,International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War,Franco Modigliani,,,Jerome Karle,Joseph L. Goldstein,,,86,1986,Ernst Ruska;,Dudley R. Herschbach;,Stanley Cohen;,Wole Soyinka,Elie Wiesel,James M. Buchanan,,Gerd Binnig;,Yuan T. Lee;,Rita Levi-Montalcini,,,,,Heinrich Rohrer,John C. Polanyi,,,,87,1987,Johannes Georg Bednorz;,Donald J. Cram;,Susumu Tonegawa,Joseph Brodsky,scar Arias,Robert Solow,,Karl Alexander Mller,Jean-Marie Lehn;,,,,,,,Charles J. Pedersen,,,,88,1988,Leon M. Lederman;,Johann Deisenhofer;,James W. Black;,Naguib Mahfouz,Cascos Blaus,Maurice Allais,,Melvin Schwartz;,Robert Huber;,Gertrude B. Elion;,,,,,Jack Steinberger,Hartmut Michel,George H. Hitchings,,,89,1989,Norman Foster Ramsey;,Sidney Altman;,J. Michael Bishop;,Camilo Jos Cela,"Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama",Trygve Haavelmo,,Hans G. Dehmelt;,Thomas Cech,Harold E. Varmus,,,,,Wolfgang Paul,,,,,90,1990,Jerome I. Friedman;,Elias James Corey,Joseph Edward Murray;,Octavio Paz,Mikhal Gorbatxov,Harry Markowitz;,,Henry W. Kendall;,,E. Donnall Thomas,,,Merton Miller;,,Richard E. Taylor,,,,,William Forsyth Sharpe91,1991,Pierre-Gilles de Gennes,Richard R. Ernst,Erwin Neher;,Nadine Gordimer,Aung San Suu Kyi,Ronald Coase,,,,Bert Sakmann,,,92,1992,Georges Charpak,Rudolph A. Marcus,Edmond H. Fischer;,Derek Walcott,Rigoberta Mench,Gary Becker,,,,Edwin G. Krebs,,,93,1993,Russell A. Hulse;,Kary Mullis;,Richard J. Roberts;,Toni Morrison,Nelson Mandela;,Robert Fogel;,,Joseph Hooton Taylor,Michael Smith,Phillip Allen Sharp,,Frederik Willem de Klerk,Douglass North94,1994,Bertram Brockhouse;,George Andrew Olah,Alfred G. Gilman;,Kenzaburo Oe,Yasser Arafat;,John Harsanyi;,,Clifford Shull,,Martin Rodbell,,Shimon Peres;,John Forbes Nash;,,,,,,Yitzhak Rabin,Reinhard Selten95,1995,Martin L. Perl;,Paul J. Crutzen;,Edward B. Lewis;,Seamus Heaney,Joseph Rotblat;,"Robert Lucas, Jr.",,Frederick Reines,Mario J. Molina;,Christiane Nsslein-Volhard;,,Conferncies Pugwash,,,,Frank Sherwood Rowland,Eric F. Wieschaus,,,96,1996,David M. Lee;,Robert F. Curl Jr.;,Peter C. Doherty;,Wis?awa Szymborska,Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo;,James Mirrlees;,,Douglas D. Osheroff;,Harold Kroto;,Rolf M. Zinkernagel,,Jos Ramos-Horta,William Vickrey,,Robert Coleman Richardson,Richard Smalley,,,,97,1997,Steven Chu;,Paul D. Boyer;,Stanley B. Prusiner,Dario Fo,International Campaign to Ban Landmines;,Robert C. Merton;,,Claude Cohen-Tannoudji;,John E. Walker;,,,Jody Williams,Myron Scholes,,William D. Phillips,Jens Christian Skou,,,,98,1998,Robert B. Laughlin;,Walter Kohn;,Robert F. Furchgott;,Jos Saramago,John Hume;,Amartya Sen,,Horst L. Strmer;,John Pople,Louis J. Ignarro;,,David Trimble,,,Daniel C. Tsui,,Ferid Murad,,,99,1999,Gerardus 't Hooft;,Ahmed Zewail,Gnter Blobel,Gnter Grass,Mdecins Sans Frontires,Robert Mundell,,Martinus J.G. Veltman,,,,,100,2000,Jors Ivnovitx Alfirov;,Alan J. Heeger;,Arvid Carlsson;,Gao Xingjian,Kim Dae Jung,James Heckman;,,Herbert Kroemer;,Alan MacDiarmid;,Paul Greengard;,,,Daniel McFadden,,Jack Kilby,Hideki Shirakawa,Eric Richard Kandel,,,101,2001,Eric A. Cornell;,William S. Knowles;,Leland H. Hartwell;,V. S. Naipaul,Nacions Unides;,George Akerlof;,,Wolfgang Ketterle;,Ryoji Noyori;,Tim Hunt;,,Kofi Annan,Michael Spence;,,Carl E. Wieman,Karl Barry Sharpless,Paul Nurse,,,Joseph E. Stiglitz102,2002,Raymond Davis Jr.;,John Bennett Fenn;,Sydney Brenner;,Imre Kertsz,Jimmy Carter,Daniel Kahneman;,,Masatoshi Koshiba;,Koichi Tanaka;,H. Robert Horvitz;,,,Vernon L. Smith,,Riccardo Giacconi,Kurt Wthrich,John E. Sulston,,,103,2003,Alexei A. Abrikosov;,Peter Agre;,Paul Lauterbur;,John Maxwell Coetzee,Shirin Ebadi,Robert F. Engle;,,Vitali Ginzburg;,Roderick MacKinnon,Peter Mansfield,,,Clive Granger,,Anthony J. Leggett,,,,,104,2004,David J. Gross;,Aaron Ciechanover;,Richard Axel;,Elfriede Jelinek,Wangari Maathai,Finn E. Kydland;,,David Politzer;,Avram Hershko;,Linda B. Buck,,,Edward C. Prescott,,Frank Wilczek,Irwin Rose,,,,105,2005,Roy J. Glauber;,Yves Chauvin;,Barry Marshall;,Harold Pinter,Agncia Internacional de l'Energia Atmica;,Robert Aumann;,,John L. Hall;,Robert H. Grubbs;,Robin Warren,,Mohamed al-Baradei,Thomas Schelling,,Theodor W. Hnsch,Richard R. Schrock,,,,106,2006,John C. Mather;,Roger D. Kornberg,Andrew Fire;,Orhan Pamuk,Muhammad Yunus;,Edmund Phelps,,George F. Smoot,,Craig Mello,,Grameen Bank,107,2007,Albert Fert;,Gerhard Ertl,Mario Capecchi;,Doris Lessing,Grup Intergovernamental sobre el Canvi Climtic;,Leonid Hurwicz;,,Peter Grnberg,,Martin Evans;,,Al Gore,Eric Maskin;,,,,Oliver Smithies,,,Roger Myerson108,2008,Yoichiro Nambu;,Osamu Shimomura;,Harald zur Hausen;,Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clzio,Martti Ahtisaari,Paul Krugman,,Makoto Kobayashi;,Martin Chalfie;,Franoise Barr-Sinoussi;,,,,,Toshihide Maskawa,Roger Y. Tsien,Luc Montagnier,,,109,2009,Charles Kao;,Venkatraman Ramakrishnan;,Elizabeth Blackburn;,Herta Mller,Barack Obama,Elinor Ostrom;,,Willard Boyle;,Thomas A. Steitz;,Carol W. Greider;,,,Oliver E. Williamson,,George Elwood Smith,Ada Yonath,Jack W. Szostak,,,110,2010,Andre Geim;,Richard Heck;,Robert Edwards,Mario Vargas Llosa,Liu Xiaobo,Peter A. Diamond;,,Konstantin Novoselov,Ei-ichi Negishi;,,,,Dale T. Mortensen;,,,Akira Suzuki,,,,Christopher A. Pissarides111,2011,Saul Perlmutter;,Dan Shechtman,Bruce Beutler;,Tomas Transtrmer,Ellen Johnson Sirleaf;,Thomas J. Sargent;,,Adam G. Riess;,,Jules A. Hoffmann;,,Leymah Gbowee;,Christopher A. Sims,,Brian P. Schmidt,,Ralph M. Steinman,,Tawakul Karman,112,2012,Serge Haroche;,Robert Lefkowitz;,John B. Gurdon;,,,,,David J. Wineland,Brian Kobilka,Shinya Yamanaka,,,113,2013,Franois Englert;,,James E. Rothman;,Alice Munro,,,,Peter Higgs,,Randy W. Schekman;,,,,,,,Thomas C. Sdhol,,,,,,,,,,"Per a altres formats, visiteu: www.downloadexcelfiles.com",,,,,,,,,,,,,,font original,,,,,,,