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List of scientist who contributed their life in the field of Biology form 300 AD to till now in xls, pdf,zip,csv format etc. format

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Scientist,Birth-Death,CountryHumayun Abdulali,"(19142001),",Indian ornithologistAziz Ab'Saber,"(19242012),","Brazilian geographer, geologist and ecologist"Erik Acharius,"(17571819),",Swedish botanistJohann Friedrich Adam,"(18th century1806),",Russian botanistArthur Adams,"(18201878),",English physician and naturalistHenry Adams,"(18131877),",English naturalist and conchologistWilliam Adamson,"(17311793),",Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany: Aiton)Michel Adanson,"(17271806),",French naturalist (abbr. in botany: Adans.)Monique Adolphe,"( born 1932),",French cell biologistEdgar Douglas Adrian,"(18891977),","British electrophysiologist, winner of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on neurons"Adam Afzelius,"(17501837),",Swedish botanistCarl Adolph Agardh,"(17851859),",Swedish botanistJacob Georg Agardh,"(18131901),",Swedish botanistLouis Agassiz,"(18071873),",Swiss zoologistAlexander Agassiz,"(18351910),","American zoologist, son of Louis Agassiz"Nikolaus Ager,"(15681634),",French botanistPedro Alberch i Vi,"(19541998),",Spanish naturalistBruce Alberts,"( born 1938),","American biochemist, former President of the United States National Academy of Sciences"Nora Lilian Alcock,"(18741972),",British pioneer in plant pathologyBoyd Alexander,"(18731910),",English ornithologistHorace Alexander,"(18891989),",English ornithologistRichard D. Alexander,"( born 1930),",American evolutionary biologistWilfred Backhouse Alexander,"(18851965),",English ornithologistAlfred William Alcock,"(18591933),",British naturalistSalim Ali,"(18961987),",Indian ornithologistFrdric-Louis Allamand,"(1736 after1803),",Swiss botanist (abbr. in botany: F.Allam.)Warder Clyde Allee,"(18851955),","American zoologist and ecologist, identified the Allee effect"Joel Asaph Allen,"(18381921),","American; birds, mammals"George James Allman,"(18121898),",British naturalistJune Dalziel Almeida,"(19302007),",Scottish virologistTikvah Alper,"(19091995),",South African radiobiologistProspero Alpini,"(15531617),",Italian botanistSidney Altman,"( born 1939),","Canadian-born molecular biologist, winner of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on RNA"Bruce Ames,"( born 1928),","American biochemist, inventor of the Ames test"Jos Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta,"(18321897),",Portuguese naturalistGeorge French Angas,"(18221886),","English explorer, naturalist, conchologist and painter"Mary Arlene Appelhof,"(19362005),",American biologistJakob Johan Adolf Appellf,"(18571921),",Swedish marine zoologistAgnes Robertson Arber,"(18791960),","British plant morphologist and anatomist, historian of botany and philosopher of biology"Aristotle,"(384 BC322 BC),",Greek philosopherEmily Arnesen,"(18671928),",Norwegian zoologistRuth Arnon,"( born 1933),",Israeli biochemistPeter Artedi,"(17051735),",Swedish naturalistGilbert Ashwell,"(19162014),","American biochemist, pioneer in the study of cell receptor"Ana Aslan,"(18971988),",Romanian biologistJean Baptiste Audebert,"(17591800),",French naturalistJean Victoire Audouin,"(17971841),",French zoologistJohn James Audubon,"(17861851),",American ornithologistCharlotte Auerbach,"(18991994),","German geneticist, founded the discipline of mutagenesis"Linda Avey,"( born 1960),",American biologistRichard Axel,"( born 1946),",Nobel Prizewinning physiologistJulius Axelrod,"(19122004),","American biochemist, winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on catecholamine neurotransmitters"William Orville Ayres,"(18171887),",American physician and ichthyologistFlix de Azara,"(17461811),",Spanish naturalistChurchill Babington,"(18311881),",British archaeologist and conchologistJohn Bachman,"(17901874),",American naturalistCurt Backeberg,"(18941966),",German botanist (abbr. in botany: Backeb.)Karl Ernst von Baer,"(17921876),",embryologistLiberty Hyde Bailey,"(18581954),",American botanist (abbr. in botany: L.H.Bailey)Spencer Fullerton Baird,"(18231887),",birds and mammalsJohn Hutton Balfour,"(18081884),",Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany: Balf.)David Baltimore,"( born 1938),",Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975Joseph Banks,"(17431820),","biologist, botanist (abbr. in botany: Banks)"Robert Brny,"(18761936),","Austrian physician, received the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on the vestibular system"Ben Barres,"( born 1955),",American neurobiologistBenjamin Smith Barton,"(17661815),",American botanist (abbr. in botany: Barton)John Bartram,"(16991777),",American botanist (abbr. in botany: Bartram)William Bartram,"(17391823),",American naturalist (abbr. in botany: W.Bartram)Anton de Bary,"(18311888),","surgeon, botanist, microbiologist"Henry Walter Bates,"(18251892),",English naturalistPatrick Bateson,"( born 1938),","English biologist and science writer, President of the Zoological Society of London"August Johann Georg Karl Batsch,"(17621802),","German botanist, mycologist"Nicolas Baudin,"(17541803),",French botanistGaspard Bauhin,"(15601624),","Swiss botanist, introduced binomial nomenclature into taxonomy, which was used by Linnaeus (abbr. in botany: C.Bauhin)"Johann Matthus Bechstein,"(17571822),",German naturalist (abbr. in botany: Bechst.)Rollo Beck,"(18701950),",American ornithologistCharles William Beebe,"(18771962),",biologistMartinus Beijerinck,"(18511931),","Dutch microbiologist and botanist, discovered viruses"Thomas Bell,"(17921880),",English naturalistDavid Bellamy,"( born 1933),",English botanistEdward Turner Bennett,"(17971836),",English zoologistGeorge Bentham,"(18001884),",English botanist (abbr. in botany: Benth.)Robert Bentley,"(18211893),",English botanist (abbr. in botany: Bentley)Jacques Benveniste,"(19352004),",French immunologistWilson Teixeira Beraldo,"(19171998),","Brazilian physician and physiologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin"Hans Berger,"(18731941),","German neuroscientist, one of the founders of electroencephalography"Carl Bergmann,"(18141865),","German anatomist, physiologist and biologist who developed the Bergmann's rule"Rudolph Bergh,"(18241909),",Danish physician and zoologistClaude Bernard,"(18131878),",French physiologist and father of the concept of homeostasisSamuel Stillman Berry,"(18871984),",American marine zoologistThomas Bewick,"(17531828),",English ornithologistColin Bibby,"(19482004),",English ornithologistGabriel Bibron,"(18061848),",French zoologistJohannes Abraham Bierens de Haan,"(18831953),",Dutch biologist and ethologistAnn Bishop,"(18991990),",English biologistBiswamoy Biswas,"(19231994),",Indian ornithologistLiz Blackburn,"( born 1948),","Australian/US Nobel Prizewinning researcher in the field of telomeres and the ""telomerase"" enzyme"John Blackwall,"(17901881),",British entomologistHenri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville,"(17771850),",French zoologistAlbert Francis Blakeslee,"(18741954),","American botanist, best known for research on Jimsonweed and the sexuality of fungi"Thomas Blakiston,"(18321891),",English naturalistWilliam Thomas Blanford,"(18321905),",English naturalistPieter Bleeker,"(18191878),",Dutch ichthyologistGnter Blobel,"( born 1936),","German Nobel Prize-winning biologist who discovered that newly synthesized proteins contain ""address tags"" which direct them to the proper location within the cell."Steven Block,"( born 1952),",American biophysicist who measured the mechanical properties of single bio-moleculesCarl Ludwig Blume,"(17891862),",German-Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany: Blume)Johann Friedrich Blumenbach,"(17521840),",German physiologist and anthropologistEdward Blyth,"(18101873),",English zoologistJos Vicente Barbosa du Bocage,"(18231907),",Portuguese zoologistPieter Boddaert,"(17301795 or 1796),",naturalistCharles Lucien Bonaparte,"(18031857),",French naturalistJames Bond,"(19001989),",American ornithologistFranco Andrea Bonelli,"(17841830),",Italian ornithologistAugust Gustav Heinrich von Bongard,"(17861839),",German botanistCharles Bonnet,"(17201793),",Swiss naturalistAim Bonpland,"(17731858),",French botanist (abbr. in botany: Bonpl.)Jules Bordet,"(18701961),","Belgian immunologist and microbiologist, winner of the 1919 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the complement system in the immune system"Antonina Georgievna Borissova,"(19031970),",Russian botanistNorman Borlaug,"( born 1914),","American agricultural scientist, humanitarian, Nobel laureate, and the father of the Green Revolution"Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc,"(17591828),",French zoologistGeorge Albert Boulenger,"(18581937),",Belgian zoologistJules Bourcier,"(17971873),",French naturalistJohann Friedrich von Brandt,"(18021879),",German naturalist (abbr. in botany: Brandt)Sara Branham Matthews,"(18881962),",American microbiologistChristian Ludwig Brehm,"(17871864),",German ornithologistAlfred Brehm,"(18291884),",German zoologistSydney Brenner,"( born 1927),","British molecular biologist, winner of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine"Thomas Mayo Brewer,"(18141880),",American naturalistWilliam Brewster,"(18511919),",American ornithologistMathurin Jacques Brisson,"(17231806),",French zoologistNathaniel Lord Britton,"(18591934),",American botanist (abbr. in botany: Britton)Thomas D. Brock,"( born 1926),","American biologist, discoverer of hyperthermophiles"Adolphe Theodore Brongniart,"(18011876),",French botanist (abbr. in botany: Brongn.)Robert Broom,"(18661951),",South African paleontologistJames H. Brown,-,", American ecologist"Robert Brown,"(17731858),",botanist (abbr. in botany: R.Br.)David Bruce,"(18551931),",Scottish pathologist and microbiologistJean Guillaume Bruguire,"(17501798),",French naturalistMorten Thrane Brnnich,"(17371827),",Danish zoologistFrancis Buchanan-Hamilton,"(17621829),",Scottish zoologist and botanist"Stephen L. Buchmann,",-,co-author of The Forgotten PollinatorsLinda B. Buck,"( born 1947),",American physiologist and Nobel prize winnerSamuel Botsford Buckley,"(18091884),",American naturalist (abbr. in botany: Buckley)Buffon,"(17071788),",French naturalist (abbr. in botany: Buffon)William Bullock,"(17731849),",English naturalistWalter Buller,"(18381906),",New Zealand naturalistJames Bulwer,"(17941879),",English naturalist and conchologistAlexander G. von Bunge,"(18031890),",German-Russian zoologistLuther Burbank,"(18491926),",American horticulturalistHermann Burmeister,"(18071892),",German zoologistCarlos Bustamante,"( born 1951),","American biophysicist, discovered ""molecular tweezers"" to manipulate DNA"Ernesto Bustamante,"( born 1950),","Peruvian biochemist, specialist in mitochondria. Currently works on DNA paternity testing"Jean Cabanis,"(18161906),",German ornithologistGeorge Caley,"(17701829),",English botanistRudolf Jakob Camerarius,"(16651721),",German botanistFrederick Campion Steward,"(19041993),",British botanistA. P. de Candolle,"(17781841),",Swiss botanistPhilip Pearsall Carpenter,"(18191877),",conchologistAlexis Carrel,"(18731944),","French biologist and surgeon, winner of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on sutures and organ transplants, advocate of eugenics"Elie-Abel Carrire,"(18181896),",French botanistClodoveo Carrin Mora,"(18831957),",Ecuadorian paleontologist and naturalist"Sean B. Carroll,",-,American evolutionary development biologistRachel Carson,"(19071964),","biologist, author of Silent Spring"George Washington Carver,"(18601943),",American botanistJohn Cassin,"(18131869),",American ornithologistAlexandre de Cassini,"(17811832),",French botanist (abbr. in botany: Cass.)William E. Castle,"(18671962),",American geneticistMark Catesby,"(16831749),",English naturalistAndrea Cesalpino,"(15191603),",Italian botanistFrancesco Cetti,"(17261778),",Italian zoologistCarlos Chagas,"(18791934),",Brazilian physicianAdelbert von Chamisso,"(17811838),",German botanistMin Chueh Chang,"(19081991),",biologistFrank Michler Chapman,"(18641945),",ornithologistMartha Chase,"(19272003),","American biologist, conducted the Hershey-Chase experiment which linked DNA to heredity"Thomas Frederic Cheeseman,"(18461923),",New Zealand botanist and naturalist.Sergei Chetverikov,"(18801959),",Russian population geneticistCharles Chilton,"(18601929),",New Zealand zoologistCarl Chun,"(18521914),",German marine biologistNathan Cobb,"(18591932),","American biologist, considered the founder of the discipline of nematology"Alfred Cogniaux,"(18411916),",Belgian botanist (abbr. in botany: Cogn.)Stanley Cohen,"( born 1922),","American biologist, Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine (1986) for his discovery of growth factors.""James J. Collins,",-,"American biologist, synthetic biology and systems biology pioneer"Henry Boardman Conover,"(18921950),",American ornithologistTimothy Abbott Conrad,"(18031877),",American malacologistJames Graham Cooper,"(18301902),",American naturalistWilliam Cooper,"(17981864),",American conchologistEdward Drinker Cope,"(18401897),","fish, reptiles, paleontology"Charles Coquerel,"(18221867),",French navy surgeon and entomologistCarl Ferdinand Cori,"(18961984),","American biochemist, winner of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the Cori cycle"Gerty Cori,"(18861957),","American biochemist, first American woman to win a Nobel Prize in science, the prize was awarded to her and her husband Carl for their work on the Cori cycle"Charles B. Cory,"(18571921),",American ornithologistEmanuel Mendez da Costa,"(17171791),","English botanist, naturalist, philosopher"Elliott Coues,"(18421899),",American ornithologistMarjorie Courtenay-Latimer,"(19072004),",South African zoologistJacques Cousteau,"(19101997),",French marine biologist and explorerMiguel Rolando Covian,"(19131992),","Argentine-Brazilian neurophysiologist, father of Brazilian neurophysiology"Frederick Vernon Coville,"(18671937),",American botanist"Robert K. Crane,","( born 1919),","American biochemist, discovered sodium-glucose cotransport."Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar,"(17861845),",German zoologistFrancis Crick,"(19162004),",one of the discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule and a neurobiologistJoseph Charles Hippolyte Crosse,"(18261898),",French conchologistNicholas Culpeper,"(16161654),",English botanistAllan Cunningham,"(17911839),",English botanistWilliam Curtis,"(17461799),",English botanistGeorges Cuvier,"(17691832),",French naturalist"Valerie Daggett,",-,American bioengineerAnders Dahl,"(17511789),",namesake of the DahliaW.H. Dall,"(18451927),",American naturalist and malacologist.Charles Darwin,"(18091882),","British naturalist, author and biologist"Erasmus Darwin,"(17311802),","doctor, naturalist, grandfather of Charles"Charles Davenport,"(18661944),","American biologist and eugenicist, founded the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory"Armand David,"(18261900),",French zoologist and botanistBernard Davis,"(19161994),",American biologistRichard Dawkins,"( born 1941),",British evolutionary biologistGeorge Delahunty,"( born 1952),","American physiologist, endocrinologist, and professor of biology at Goucher College"Pierre Antoine Delalande,"(17871823),",French naturalistMax Delbrck,"(19061981),",German physicist and biologist known for work on the replication mechanism of virusesRichard Dell,"(19202002),",New Zealand malacologistStefano Delle Chiaje,"(17941860),",ItalianPaul mile de Puydt,"(18101888),",Belgian botanistRen Louiche Desfontaines,"(17501833),",French botanistGrard Paul Deshayes,"(17951875),",French geologist and conchologist.Anselme Gatan Desmarest,"(17841838),",French zoologistErnst Dieffenbach,"(18111855),",German naturalistJohann Jacob Dillenius,"(16841747),",German botanistLewis Weston Dillwyn,"(17781855),",British botanist and conchologistWalter Dobrogosz,"( born 1933),","American microbiologist, discoverer of Lactobacillus reuteri"Theodosius Dobzhansky,"(19001975),",American geneticist and evolutionary biologistRembert Dodoens,"(15171585),",Flemish botanistAnton Dohrn,"(18401909),",German marine biologistDavid Don,"(17991841),",British botanistJames Donn,"(17581813),",English botanistJean Dorst,"(19242001),",French ornithologistHenry Doubleday,"(18081875),",British entomologistDavid Douglas,"(17991834),",Scottish botanistJonas C. Dryander,"(17481810),",Swedish botanistPatricia Louise Dudley,(19292004),American zoologistFlix Dujardin,"(18021860),",biologistRenato Dulbecco,"(19142012),",biologistRonald Duman,-,", Biological psychiatry"Andr Marie Constant Dumril,"(17741860),",French zoologistMichel Felix Dunal,"(17891856),",French botanistRobin Dunbar,"( born 1947),",Italian virologistGerald Durrell,"(19251995),",British naturalistSylvia Earle,"( born 1935),",American oceanographerJohn Carew Eccles,"(19031997),",Australian neurophysiologist and winner of the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the synapseChristian Friedrich Ecklon,"(17951868),",Danish botanist (abbr. in botany: Eckl.)Gerald Edelman,"( born 1929),","Nobel Prize for immunology work, later work in neuroscience"George Edwards,"(16931773),",British naturalistChristian Gottfried Ehrenberg,"(17951876),",German biologist and microscopistPaul Ehrlich,"(18541915),",German Nobel Prize-winning immunologistKarl Eichwald,"(17951876),",Russian geologist and physicianTheodor Eimer,"(18431898),",German zoologistGeorge Eliava,"(18921937),",Georgian microbiologistDaniel Giraud Elliot,"(18351915),",American zoologistGnther Enderlein,"(18721968),",German zoologist and entomologistStephan Ladislaus Endlicher,"(18041849),",Austrian botanist (abbr. in botany: Endl.)Michael S. Engel,"( born 1971),",American paleontologist and entomologistGeorge Engelmann,"(18091884),",German-American botanistAdolf Engler,"(18441930),",German botanist (abbr. in botany: Engl.)Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben,"(17441777),",German naturalist.Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz,"(17931831),","Baltic German biologist and explorer, namesake of the California poppy"Constantin von Ettingshausen,"(18261897),",Austrian botanistWarren Ewens,-,", American mathematical population geneticist"Thomas Campbell Eyton,"(18091880),",English naturalistJean Henri Fabre,"(18231915),",French entomologistJohan Christian Fabricius,"(17451808),",Danish entomologistDavid Fairchild,"(18691954),",American botanistHugh Falconer,"(18081865),",Scottish paleontologistFilippo Farsetti,"(1703-1774),",Venetian art collector and botanistLeonardo Fea,"(18521903),",Italian zoologistChristoph Feldegg,"(17801845),",Austrian naturalistLewis J. Feldman,"( born 1945),",American botanistHoward Barraclough (Barry) Fell,"(19171994),",English zoologist and pre-Columbian contact theoristSrgio Ferreira,"( born 1934),",Brazilian pharmacologistHarold John Finlay,"(19011951),",New Zealand palaeontologist and conchologistOtto Finsch,"(18391917),",German naturalistJohann Fischer von Waldheim,"(17711853),",German entomologistJames Fisher,"(19221970),",English ornithologistPaul Henri Fischer,(18351893),": French physician, zoologist, malacologist and paleontologist"Ronald Fisher,"(18901962),","British biologist and statistician, one of the founders of population genetics"Leopold Fitzinger,"(18021884),",Austrian zoologistTim Flannery,"(1956),",Australian biologist"Jim Flegg,",-,British ornithologistAlexander Fleming,"(18811955),",British medical scientistWalther Flemming,"(18431905),","German physician and anatomist, discoverer of mitosis and chromosomes"Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher,"(18781950),",English entomologistHoward Walter Florey,"(18981968),",pharmacologist who was the co-inventor of penicillinBrian J. Ford,"( born 1939),",British biologist and writerE. B. Ford,"(19011988),",British ecological geneticistPeter Forsskl,"(17321763),",Swedish naturalistGeorg Forster,"(17541794),",German naturalist (abbr. in botany: G.Forst.)Peter Forster (geneticist),"( born 1967),",German geneticistJohann Reinhold Forster,"(17291798),",German naturalistRobert Fortune,"(18131880),",Scottish botanistDian Fossey,"(19321985),",American zoologistRosalind Franklin,"(19201958),",contributor to the discovery of the structure of DNAFrancisco Freire Allemo e Cysneiro,"(17971874),",Brazilian botanistElias Magnus Fries,"(17941878),",one of the founders of modern mushroom taxonomyKarl von Frisch,"(18861982),","Austrian ethologist and Nobel laureate, best known for pioneering studies of bees"Imre Frivaldszky,"(17991870),",Hungarian botanistLeonhart Fuchs,"(15011566),",German botanistJos Mara de la Fuente Morales,"(18551932),",Spanish biologistLouis Agassiz Fuertes,"(18741927),",American ornithologistJoseph Gaertner,"(17321791),",German botanistFranois Gagnepain,"(18661952),",French botanistJoseph Paul Gaimard,"(17961858),",French naturalistBirut Galdikas,"( born 1946),","Canadian primatologist, conducted pioneering studies on orangutans"Robert Gallo,"( born 1937),",American virologist and co-discoverer of HIVWilliam Gambel,"(18231849),",American naturalistProsper Garnot,"(17941838),",French naturalistCharles Gaudichaud-Beaupr,"(17891854),",French botanist"Michael Gazzaniga,",-,"American cognitive neuroscientist, best known for his research on split-brain patients"Howard Scott Gentry,"(19031993),",American botanistJohn Gerard,"(15451611/12),",English botanistConrad von Gesner,"(15161565),",Swiss naturalist (abbr. in botany: Gesner)Luca Ghini,"(14901566),",Italian botanistClelia Giacobini,"(19312010),","Italian microbiologist, a pioneer of microbiology applied to conservation-restoration""John H. Gillespie,",,American molecular evolutionist and population geneticistCharles Henry Gimingham,"( born 1923),",British botanistCharles Frdric Girard,"(18221895),","French biologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist"Johann Friedrich Gmelin,"(17481804),",German naturalist (abbr. in botany: J.F.Gmel.)Johann Georg Gmelin,"(17091755),",German naturalist (abbr. in botany: J.G.Gmel.)Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin,"(17441774),",German botanist (abbr. in botany: S.G.Gmel.)Frederick DuCane Godman,"(18341919),",English naturalist and ornithologistmil Goeldi,"(18591917),",Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologistJohann Wolfgang von Goethe,"(17491832),",known for his literary works but also a scientist. In biology: his theory of plant metamorphosis stipulated that all plant formation stems from a modification of the Leaf.Camillo Golgi,"(18431926),","Italian physician and Nobel prize winner, pioneer in neurobiology"Jane Goodall,"( born 1934),","British primatologist, ethologist and anthropologist, best known for conducting a forty-year study of chimpanzee social and family life."George Gordon,"(18061879),",British botanistPhilip Henry Gosse,"(18101888),",English naturalistAugustus Addison Gould,"(18051866),",American conchologist.John Gould,"(18041881),",English ornithologistStephen Jay Gould,"(19412002),",American paleontologistAlfred Grandidier,"(18361921),",French naturalist and explorerGuillaume Grandidier,"(18731957),",French naturalist and explorer son of Alfred GrandidierTemple Grandin,"( born 1947),",American animal scientist; world-renowned as a designer of humane livestock facilities and for her writings on her experience with autismChapman Grant,"(18871983),",American herpetologistPierre-Paul Grass,"(18951985),",French zoologistAsa Gray,"(18101888),",American botanistGeorge Robert Gray,"(18081872),",English zoologistJ.E. Gray,"(18001875),",British zoologistAndrew Jackson Grayson,"(18191869),",American ornithologistWilliam King Gregory,"(18761970),",American zoologist"Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon","(18621933),",British ornithologistFrederick Griffith,"(18791941),",British bacteriologistJeremy Griffith,"( born 1945),",Australian zoologistJan Frederik Gronovius,"(16901762),",Dutch botanistPavel Groelj,"(18831940),",biologist and belletristFlix douard Gurin-Mneville,"(17991874),",French entomologistJohann Anton Gldenstdt,"(17451781),",German naturalistAllvar Gullstrand,"(18621930),","Swedish ophthalmologist, winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine ""for research on the image formation by the lens of the eye"""Johann Ernst Gunnerus,"(17181773),",Norwegian botanistAlbert C. L. G. Gnther,"(18301914),",British/German zoologistErnst Haeckel,"(18341919),","German physician, zoologist and evolutionist"Hermann August Hagen,"(18171893),",German entomologistJ. B. S. Haldane,"(18921964),",British evolutionary biologist and co-founder of population geneticsWilliam Donald Hamilton,"(19362000),",British evolutionary biologistSylvanus Charles Thorp Hanley,"(18191899),",British conchologist and malacologistThomas Hardwicke,"(17551835),",English naturalistAlister Clavering Hardy,"(18961985),",English marine biologist and pioneer student of the biological basis of religionRichard Harlan,"(17961843),","American naturalist, zoologist, physicist and paleontologist"Denham Harman,"( born 1916),","American biogerontologist, father of the free radical theory of aging"Maarten 't Hart,"( born 1944),",Dutch biologist and writerErnst Hartert,"(18591933),",German ornithologistGustav Hartlaub,"(18141900),",German zoologistKarl Theodor Hartweg,"(18121871),",German botanistWilliam Henry Harvey,"(18111866),",Irish phycologistHans Hass,"(19192013),",Austrian biologistFrederik Hasselquist,"(17221752),",Swedish naturalist"Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of Tweeddale","(18241878),",English ornithologistJames Hector,"(18341907),","Scottish geologist, naturalist, and surgeon"Charles Hedley,"(18621926),","naturalist, active in Australia"Oskar Heinroth,"(18711945),","German biologist, a founder of ethology"Wilhelm Hemprich,"(17961825),",German naturalistWilli Hennig,(19131976),"German biologist, founder of cladistics"John Stevens Henslow,"(17961861),","English mineralogist, botanist and clergyman"Johann Hermann,"(17381800),",French physician and naturalistAlbert William Herre,"(18681962),",American ichthyologist and lichenologistAlfred Hershey,"(19081997),","American bacteriologist, winner of the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the genetics of viruses"Philip Hershkovitz,"(19091997),",American mammalogist noted especially as a primatologistLeo George Hertlein,"(18981972),",American paleontologist and malacologistArchibald Vivian Hill,"(18861977),","British physiologist, winner of the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for elucidation of mechanical work in muscles"Brian Houghton Hodgson,"(18001894),",English naturalistJan van der Hoeven,"(18021868),",Dutch zoologistBruno Hofer,"(18611916),",German fisheries scientistJohann Centurius Hoffmannsegg,"(17661849),","German botanist, entomologist and ornithologist"Jacques Bernard Hombron,"(17981852),",French naturalistLeroy Hood,"( born 1939),","American biochemist, developed high speed automated DNA sequencer"Robert Hooke,"(16351703),",British natural philosopher and Secretary to the Royal SocietyJoseph Dalton Hooker,"(18171911),","British botanist, explorer and Director of Kew Botanic Gardens"William Jackson Hooker,"(17851865),","British botanist, Director of Kew Botanic Gardens""John ""Jack"" Horner","( born 1946),","American paleontologist, specialized in dinosaurs"Thomas Horsfield,"(17731859),",American naturalistBernardo Houssay,"(18871971),","Argentine physiologist, winner of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the function of the pituitary hormones in regulating blood sugar (glucose) in animals."Martinus Houttuyn,"(17201798),",Dutch naturalistAlbert Howard,"(18731947),",British botanistEliot Howard,"(18731940),",English ornithologistSarah Blaffer Hrdy,"( born 1946),",U.S. anthropologist who made contributions to evolutionary psychology and sociobiologyDavid H. Hubel,"( born 1926),","Canadian-Born American neurobiologist, winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for research on the visual system"Franois Huber,"(17501831),",Swiss naturalistAmbrosius Hubrecht,"(18531915),",Dutch zoologistWilliam Henry Hudson,"(18411922),",Argentinian-British ornithologistAlexander von Humboldt,"(17691859),",German naturalist and explorerAllan Octavian Hume,"(18291912),",British ornithologist"Rob Hume,",-,British ornithologistGeorge Evelyn Hutchinson,"(19031991),",American ecologist and limnologistFrederick Wollaston Hutton,"(18351905),","English biologist and geologist, later worked in New Zealand"Julian Sorell Huxley,"(18871975),",English zoologist and contributor to the modern evolutionary synthesis; first D-G of UNESCOThomas Henry Huxley,"(18251895),","English zoologist and advocate of evolution, agnosticism and scientific education"Alpheus Hyatt,"(18381902),",American neo-LamarckianLibbie Hyman,"(18881969),",invertebrate zoologistJosef Hyrtl,"(18101894),",Austrian anatomistHermann von Ihering,"(18501930),",German naturalistJohann Karl Wilhelm Illiger,"(17751813),",German entomologistJan Ingenhousz,"(17301799),",Dutch-born British botanistTom Iredale,"(18801972),",English conchologist and ornithologistPaul Erdmann Isert,"(17561789),",German botanistFranois Jacob,"( born 1920),","French biologist, Nobel laureate"Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin,"(17271817),",Dutch-born Austrian botanistHonor Jacquinot,"(18151887),",French surgeon and zoologistDaniel H. Janzen,"( born 1939),",American entomologist and ecologistWilliam Jardine,"(18001874),",Scottish naturalistFeliks Pawel Jarocki,"(17901865),",Polish zoologistThomas C. Jerdon,"(18111872),",British zoologist and botanistWilhelm Johannsen,"(18571927),",(coined the term gene)David Starr Jordan,"(18511931),","ichthyologist, 1st president of Stanford"Flix Pierre Jousseaume,"(18351921),",French zoologist and malacologistAdrien-Henri de Jussieu,"(17971853),",French botanistAntoine de Jussieu,"(16861758),",French naturalistAntoine Laurent de Jussieu,"(17481836),","botanist, biologist (abbr. in botany: Juss.)"Bernard de Jussieu,"(16991777),",French naturalistErnest Everett Just,"(18831941),",American biologistZbigniew Kabata,"(19242014),",Polish parasitologistPehr Kalm,"(17161779),",Swedish botanistEric R. Kandel,"( born 1929),",Austrian-born American neuroscientist. Winner of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the neural correlates of memoryFerdinand Karsch,"(18531936),","German arachnologist, entomologist, and anthropologist"Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten,"(18171908),",German botanistRudolf Kaufmann,"(1909c1941),",trilobitologist known for his contributions to allopatric speciation and punctuated equilibrium.Stuart Kauffman,"( born 1939),",biologist widely known for his promotion of self-organization as a factor in producing the complexity of biological systems and organismsJohann Jakob Kaup,"(18031873),",German naturalistJanet Kear,"(19332004),",English ornithologistGerald A. Kerkut,"(19272004),",British zoologist and physiologistAnton Kerner von Marilaun,"(18311898),",Austrian botanistRobert Kerr,"(17551813),",published The Animal Kingdom in 1792Warwick Estevam Kerr,"( born 1922),","Brazilian geneticist, specialist in bee genetics, introducer of African bees in Brazil"Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska,"( born 1925),","Polish paleontologist, led several paleontological expeditions to the Gobi desert"Motoo Kimura,"(19241994),","Japanese mathematical biologist, working in the field of theoretical population genetics""Carolyn King,",-,"New Zealand zoologist, professor at the University of Waikato, specialising in mammals, particularly small rodents and mustelids"Norman Boyd Kinnear,"(18821957),",Scottish zoologistWilliam Kirby,"(17591850),",English entomologistHeinrich von Kittlitz,"(17991874),",German naturalistWilhelm Kobelt,"(18401916),",German zoologist and malacologistFritz Kberle,"(19101983),","Austrian-Brazilian physician and pathologist, student of Chagas disease"Karl Koch,"(18091879),",German botanistRobert Koch,"(18431910),",German Nobel Prize-winning physician and bacteriologistEmil Theodor Kocher,"(18411917),","German physician, winner of the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for ""his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland"""Alexander Koenig,"(18581940),",German naturalistAlbert von Klliker,"(18171905),",Swiss physiologistCharles Konig,"(17741851),",German naturalistArthur Kornberg,"(19182007),",discovered DNA polymerase"Adriaan Kortlandt,","( born 1918),",Dutch ethologistAlbrecht Kossel,"(18531927),",German physician and winner of the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research in cell biologyHans Adolf Krebs,"(19001981),",German biochemist and winner of the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the citric acid cycle in cellular respirationGerard Krefft,"(18301881),",German-born Australian zoologist and palaeontologistEduardo Krieger,"( born 1930),",Brazilian physician and physiologistKewal Krishan,"( born 1973),","Biological Anthropologist, specialized in Forensic Anthropology, serving at Panjab University, Chandigarh, India"Schack August Steenberg Krogh,"(18741949),","Danish physiologist, winner of the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the mechanism of regulation of the capillaries in skeletal muscle"Heinrich Kuhl,"(17971821),",German zoologistHenri Laborit,"(19141995),",French surgeon and physiologist"Bernard Germain tienne de la Ville, Comte de Lacpde","(17561825),",French naturalistDavid Lack,"(19101973),",British ornithologistFrdric de Lafresnaye,"(17831861),",French ornithologistJean-Baptiste Lamarck,"(17441829),","French evolutionist, coined many terms like biology and fossils"Aylmer Bourke Lambert,"(17611842),",British botanistCharles Lamberton,"(fl. 19121956),",French paleontologistHugh Lamprey,"(19281996),",British ecologistKai Larsen,"(19262012),",Danish botanistCharles Francis Laseron,"(18871959),",American-born Australian naturalist and malacologistJohn Latham,"(17401837),",English naturalistPierre Andr Latreille,"(17621833),",French entomologistCharles Louis Alphonse Laveran,"(18451922),","French physician, winner of the 1907 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that the cause of malaria is a protozoon"George Newbold Lawrence,"(18061855),",American ornithologistWilliam Elford Leach,"(17901836),",English zoologist and marine biologistColin Leakey,"( born 1933),",British tropical botanist and specialist in bean scienceJoseph LeConte,"(18231901),",physiologistTim Lee,"( born 1977),",comedianAntoni van Leeuwenhoek,"(16321723),","Dutch biologist, developer of the microscope"Franois Leguat,"(c. 1637  1735),",French naturalistJoseph Leidy,"(18231891),",American paleontologistJohann Philipp Achilles Leisler,"(17711813),",Dutch naturalistJuan Lembeye,"(18161889),",Spanish naturalistLeonardo da Vinci,"(14521519),",known as an artist but also an anatomist. Dissected hundreds of specimens and drew exact copies of themJean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour,"(17731826),",French botanistRene Primevere Lesson,"(17941849),",French naturalistCharles Alexandre Lesueur,"(17781846),",French naturalistFranois Le Vaillant,"(17531824),",French ornithologistEdward B. Lewis,"(19182004),",American geneticist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winnerRichard Lewontin,"( born 1929),",biologist"Wen-Hsiung Li,",-,Taiwanese molecular evolutionary biologistEmmanuel Liais,"(18261900),",French botanistMartin Lichtenstein,"(17801867),",German zoologistJohn Lightfoot,"(17351788),",English conchologist and botanist"David R. Lindberg,",-,American malacologist and biologistAristid Lindenmayer,"(19251989),",Hungarian biologistJohn Lindley,"(17991865),",English botanistHeinrich Friedrich Link,"(17671850),",German botanist (abbr. in botany: Link)Carl Linnaeus,"(17071778),",Swedish botanist; father of the binomial nomenclature system (abbr L. or Linn.)Jacques Loeb,"(18591924),",German-American biologistFriedrich Loeffler,"(18521915),",German biologistKonrad Lorenz,"(19031989),",Austrian founder of ethologyHarri Lorenzi,"( born 1949),",Brazilian botanistJohn Claudius Loudon,"(17831843),",English botanistJames Lovelock,"( born 1919),",English chemist and father of the Gaia hypothesisPercy Lowe,"(18701948),",English ornithologistPeter Wilhelm Lund,"(18011880),",Danish zoologist and paleontologistSalvador Luria,"(19121991),","microbiologist, Nobel prize winner"Adolfo Lutz,"(18551940),","Brazilian infectologist, pathologist and public health researcher"Andr Lwoff,"(19021994),","French microbiologist, winner of the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine"Richard Lydekker,"(18491915),",English naturalistTrofim Lysenko,"(18981976),",Soviet biologist and agronomist. His denouncement of genetics became known as Lysenkoism.Jules Franois Mabille,"(18311904),",French malacologistJohn Macadam,"(18271865),",Scottish-born Australian botanistJohn M. MacDougal,"( born 1954),",American botanistWilliam MacGillivray,"(17961852),",Scottish naturalistMarcello Malpighi,"(16281694),",Italian anatomist and biologistRamon Margalef,"(19192004),",Spanish-Catalan biologist and ecologistLeo Margolis,"(19271997),",Canadian fisheries parasitologistLynn Margulis,"( born 1938),",American microbiologistAlberto della Marmora,"(17891863),",Italian naturalistOthniel Charles Marsh,"(18311899),",paleontologyBarry Marshall,"( born 1951),","Australian physician and microbiologist, winner of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that most stomach ulcers are caused by a strain of bacteria"Fermn Martn Piera,"(19542001),",Spanish botanistCarl Friedrich Philipp von Martius,"(17941868),",German botanistJohn Martyn,"(16991768),",English botanistThomas Martyn,"(17351825),","English botanist, entomologist and conchologist"John Marwick,"(18911978),",New Zealand palaeontologist and geologist"Teresa Maryaska,",-,"Poland, paleontologist specializing in dinosaurs"Francis Masson,"(1741  c. 1805),",Scottish botanistGregory Mathews,"(18761949),",Australian ornithologistPaul Matschie,"(18611926),",German zoologistWilliam Diller Matthew,"(18711930),",American paleontologist"Polly Matzinger,",,American immunologistCarl Maximowicz,"(18271891),",Russian botanistHarold Maxwell-Lefroy,"(18771925),",English entomologistRobert May,"( born 1936),","biologist, physicist, mathematician, President of Royal Society of London 20002005"Ernst Mayr,"(19042005),",evolutionary biologistBarbara McClintock,"(19021992),","American biologist, winner of a Nobel Prize for her work on the transposon, or ""jumping gene"""James V. McConnell,"(19251990),",American biological psychologistMark McMenamin,"( born 1958),",American paleontologist"Bruce McEwen,",-,neuroendocrinologist and stress hormone expertEdmund Meade-Waldo,"(18551934),",English ornithologistIlya Ilyich Mechnikov,"(18451916),","Russian microbiologist, best known for his work on the immune system and phagocytosis, received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1908"Johann Wilhelm Meigen,"(17641845),",German entomologistGregor Mendel,"(18221884),","Czech-Austrian monk who is often called the ""father of genetics"" for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants"Edouard Menetries,"(18021861),",French entomologist"Maud Leonora Menten, biologist",-,-Archibald Menzies,"(17541852),",Scottish naturalistClinton Hart Merriam,"(18551942),",American zoologist and ornithologistJohn C. Merriam,"(18691945),",American biologistFranz Meyen,"(18041840),",German botanistRodolphe Meyer de Schauensee,"(19011984),",American ornithologistOtto Fritz Meyerhof,"(18841951),","German/American physician and biochemist, winner of the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on muscles"Leonor Michaelis,"(18751949),",German biologistAndr Michaux,"(17461802),",French botanistAleksandr Fyodorovich Middendorf,"(18151894),",Russian zoologistNicholai Miklukho-Maklai,"(18461888),",Russian marine biologist and anthropologist"Gerrit Smith Miller, Jr.","(18691956),",American zoologist.Jacques Miller,"( born 1931),",Australian immunologist.John Frederick Miller,"(17591796),",English illustrator (primarily of botany)Kenneth R. Miller,"( born 1948),",American evolutionary biologist.Philip Miller,"(16911771),",Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany: Mill.)Alphonse Milne-Edwards,"(18351900),",French zoologistHenri Milne-Edwards,"(18001885),",French zoologistGeorge Jackson Mivart,"(18271900),",English biologistHugo von Mohl,"(18051872),",German botanistPaul Mhring,"(17101792),",German naturalistJuan Ignacio Molina,"(17401829),",Chilean naturalistJacques Monod,"(19101976),",geneticistGeorge Montagu,"(17531815),",English naturalistLuc Montagnier,"( born 1932),",French discoverer of HIVRita Levi-Montalcini,"( born 1909),",Italian-American neurologist who received the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her co-discovery of growth factorsTommaso di Maria Allery Monterosato,"(18411927),",Italian malacologistPierre Dnys de Montfort,"(17661820),",French naturalistGeorge Thomas Moore,"(18711956),",American botanistAlfred Moquin-Tandon,"(18041863),",French naturalistOtto Andreas Lowson Mrch,"(18281878),",malacologistThomas Hunt Morgan,"(18681945),","American geneticist. He worked on the natural history, zoology, and macromutation in the fruit fly Drosophila"Desmond Morris,"( born 1928),",British zoologist and biologistRoger Morse,"(19272000),","professor, researcher, author, on bees/beekeeping"Guy Mountfort,"(19052003),",English ornithologistLadislav Mucina,"( born 1956),",Slovakian botanistFerdinand von Mueller,"(18251896),",German-Australian botanistJohn Muir,"(18381914),",American naturalistOtto Friedrich Mller,"(17301784),",Danish naturalist (abbr. in botany: O.F.Mll.)Fritz Mller,"(18211897),",German-Brazilian naturalist (abbr. in botany: F.J.Mll.)Hermann Mller (Thurgau),"(18501927),",Swiss botanist and oenologistPhilipp Ludwig Statius Mller,"(17251776),",German zoologistSalomon Muller,"(18041864),",Dutch naturalistKary Mullis,"( born 1944),",biologistOtto von Mnchhausen,"(17161774),",German botanistJohn Murray,"(18411914),",Scots-Canadian Marine BiologistGary Paul Nabhan,"( born 1952),",co-author of Forgotten PollinatorsKarl Wilhelm von Nageli,"(18171891),",Swiss botanistJohann Friedrich Naumann,"(17801857),",German founder of scientific ornithologyJohn Needham,"(17131781),",English naturalistChristian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck,"(17761858),",German botanist and zoologist"Masatoshi Nei,",-,American evolutionary biologist and molecular Population GeneticistRandolph M. Nesse,"( born 1945),",American evolutionary biologist and psychiatristCharles F. Newcombe,"(18511924),",British botanistAlfred Newton,"(18291907),",English zoologistMargaret Morse Nice,"(18831974),",American ornithologistHenry Alleyne Nicholson,"(18441899),",British zoologistElmer Noble,"(19092001),",American parasitologistAlfred Merle Norman,"(18311918),",English clergyman and naturalistAlfred John North,"(18551917),",Australian ornithologistChristiane Nsslein-Volhard,"( born 1942),",German biologist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winnerThomas Nuttall,"(17861858),",English botanist and zoologistNils Hjalmar Odhner,"(18841973),",Swedish zoologistEugene P. Odum,"(19132002),",American ecologistHoward T. Odum,"(19242002),",American ecologistAnders Sandoe Oersted,"(18161872),",Danish botanist (abbr. in botany: Oerst.)William Ogilby,"(18081873),",Irish naturalistWilliam Robert Ogilvie-Grant,"(18631924),",Scottish ornithologistTomoko Ohta,"( born 1933),",Japanese molecular evolutionary biologistLorenz Oken,"(17791851),",German naturalistGiuseppe Olivi,"(17691795),",Italian naturalist"Mark A. O'Neill,",-,British biologist and computer scientistAleksandr Oparin,"(18941980),","Russian biologist and biochemist, best known for his work on the origin of life"Alcide d'Orbigny,"(18021857),",French naturalistGeorge Ord,"(17811866),",American ornithologistEleanor Anne Ormerod,"(18281901),",English entomologistEdward Latham Ormerod,"(18191873),","FRS, English physician and entomologist"Henry Fairfield Osborn,"(18571935),","eugenicist, AMNH curator"William Charles Osman Hill,"(19011975),","British anatomist, primatologist, and a leading authority on primate anatomy during the 20th century"Halszka Osmlska,"(19302008),",Polish paleontologist specializing in dinosaursEmile Oustalet,"(18441905),",French zoologistRichard Owen,"(18041892),",biologist of nebres(triztan) organismsGeorge Emil Palade,"( born 1912),","Romanian-American biologist, discoverer of ribosomes, Nobel Prize"Paul Maurice Pallary,"(18691942),",French-Algerian malacologistPeter Simon Pallas,"(17411811),",Russian zoologistEdward Palmer,"(18291911),",British botanistJosif Pancic,"(18141888),",Serbian botanistParacelsus,"(14931541),",German alchemistLouis Pasteur,"(18221895),",French biochemistWilliam Paterson,"(17551810),",British botanist and explorerRobert Patterson,"(18021872),",Irish naturalistDaniel Pauly,"( born 1946),",French marine biologistIvan Pavlov,"(18491936),","Russian physiologist, psychologist and physician, discovered conditioning, won the Nobel Prize for his research on the digestive system"Titian Peale,"(17991885),",American naturalistLouise Pearce,"(18851959),",American pathologistDonald C. Peattie,"(18981964),",American botanistEva J. Pell,"( born 1948),",American plant pathologistPaul Pelseneer,"(18631945),",Belgian malacologistJean-Marie Pelt,"( born 1933),",French botanistThomas Pennant,"(17261798),",Welsh naturalist and antiquaryHenri Perrier de la Bthie,"(18731958),",French botanist"George Perry (naturalist),",19th century English naturalist,Christian Hendrik Persoon,"(17611836),",biologistPaul Petard,"(19121980),",French botanistWilhelm Peters,"(18151883),",German naturalistLudwig Karl,-,"Georg Pfeiffer, German physician, botanist and conchologist"Rodolfo Amando Philippi,"(18081904),",German-Chilean zoologistConstantine John Phipps,"(17441792),",English explorer"David Andrew Phoenix,","( born 1966),",BiochemistFrederick Octavius Pickard-Cambridge,"(1860?),",English entomologistOctavius Pickard-Cambridge,"(18281917),","English entomologist, uncle of above"Charles Pickering,"(18051878),",American naturalistCndido Bolvar Pieltain,"(18971976),",Spanish naturalistHenry Augustus Pilsbry,"(18621957),","American zoologist, malacologist"Gregory Goodwin Pincus,"(19031967),",American biologist and co-inventor of the contraceptive pill"Ronald Plasterk,","( born 1957),","Dutch molecular biologist, columnist and politician""Pliny the Elder (2379),",Roman natural philosopher,Reginald Innes Pocock,"(18631947),",British taxonomist (mammals and arachnids)Felipe Poey,"(17991891),",Cuban zoologistJoel Roberts Poinsett,"(17791851),",American botanistHenry de Puyjalon,"(18411905),",Canadian ecologist and biologistGiuseppe Saverio Poli,"(17461825),","Italian physicist, biologist and natural historian"Winston Ponde,,"r, Australian malacologist"Arthur William Baden Powell,"(19011987),",New Zealand malacologist and paleontologist"Thomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron Lilford","(18331896),",English ornithologistKarel Presl,"(17941852),",Bohemian botanistAlice Pruvot-Fol,"(18731972),",French malacologistJan Evangelista Purkyn,"(17871869),",Czech anatomist and physiologistFrederick Traugott Pursh,"(17741820),",German-American botanistPaul mile de Puydt,"(18101888),",Belgian botanistNikolai Przhevalsky,"(18391888),",Russian explorerJean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Brau,"(18101892),",French naturalistJean Ren Constant Quoy,"(17901869),",French zoologistGustav Radde,"(18311903),",German naturalistThomas Stamford Raffles,"(17811826),",British founder/first president of the Zoological Society of LondonConstantine Samuel Rafinesque,"(17831840),",French naturalist who described many North American speciesmile Louis Ragonot,"(18431895),",French entomologistSantiago Ramn y Cajal,"(18521934),",Spanish histologist and Nobel laureate. Considered the father of neuroscience.Edward Pierson Ramsay,"(18421916),",Australian ornithologistAustin L. Rand,"(19051982),",Canadian zoologistSuresh Rattan,"( born 1955),",Indian biogerontologistJohn Ray,"(16271705),",English naturalistFrancesco Redi,"(16261697),",Italian physician known for his experiment in 1668 which is regarded as one of the first steps in refuting abiogenesisLovell Augustus Reeve,"(18141865),",English conchologistHeinrich Gustav Reichenbach,"(18231889),",German orchidologist (abbr. in botany: Rchb. f.)Ludwig Reichenbach,"(17931879),",German botanist and ornithologist (abbr. in botany: Rchb.)Anton Reichenow,"(18471941),",German ornithologistCaspar Georg Carl Reinwardt,"(17731854),",Dutch botanistBernhard Rensch,"(19001990),",German biologistRalf Reski,"( born 1958),","German botanist and biotechnologist, developed Physcomitrella as model organism"Achille Richard,"(17941852),",French botanist (abbr. in botany: A. Rich)Jean Michel Claude Richard,"(17871868),",noted French botanist and plant collector (abbr. in botany: J.M.C.Rich.)Louis Claude Richard,"(17541821),",French botanist (abbr. in botany: Rich.)Olivier Jules Richard,"(18361896),",French lichenologist (abbr. in botany: O.J.Rich.)John Richardson,"(17871865),",Scottish naturalist (abbr. in botany: Richardson)Charles Richet,"(18501935),","French physiologist, winner of the 1913 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of anaphylaxis"Charles Wallace Richmond,"(18681932),",American ornithologistRobert Ridgway,"(18501929),",American ornithologistHenry Nicholas Ridley,"(18551956),",British botanist (abbr. in botany: Ridl.)Austin Roberts,"(18831948),",South African zoologistHarold E. Robinson,"( born 1932),",American botanist and entomologistMaurcio Rocha e Silva,"(19101983),","Brazilian physician and pharmacologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin"Martin Rodbell,"(19251998),",biologistPeter Friedrich Rding,"(17671846),",German malacologistGeorge Romanes,"(18481894),","Canadian naturalist, founded the discipline of comparative psychology"Alfred Romer,"(18941973),",specialist in vertebrate paleontologyRobert Rosen,"(19341998),",theoretical biologistJoel Rosenbaum,"( born 1933),",cell biologist at Yale UniversityHarald Rosenthal,"( born 1937),",German hydrobiologist known for his work in fish farming and ecologyMiriam Louisa Rothschild,"(19082005),",British entomologist"Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild","(18681937),",British zoologistJoan Roughgarden,"( born 1946),",American ecologist and evolutionary biologistWilliam Roxburgh,"(17591815),",Scottish botanistAdriaan van Royen,"(17041779),",Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany: Royen)Karl Rudolphi,"(17711832),",German physiologistEduard Rppell,"(17941884),",German naturalistJoseph Sabine,"(17701837),",English naturalistJulius von Sachs,"(18321897),",German botanisttienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire,"(17721844),",French naturalistIsidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire,"(18051861),",French zoologistCarl Ulisses von Salis-Marschlins,"(17621818),","Swiss naturalist interested in botany, entomology, and conchology"Edward James Salisbury,"(18861978),",British botanistRichard Anthony Salisbury,"(17611829),",British botanistJonas Salk,"(19141995),","American biologist, inventor of polio vaccine"Robert Sapolsky,"( born 1957),",American neuroscientistGeorg Ossian Sars,"(18371927),",Norwegian marine biologistMichael Sars,"(18091869),",Norwegian taxonomistWilliam Saunders,"(18221900),",American botanistHorace-Bndict de Saussure,"(17401799),",Swiss naturalistMarie Jules Csar Savigny,"(17771851),",French zoologistThomas Say,"(17871843),",American naturalistGeorge Schaller,"( born 1933),","American zoologist, widely considered the preeminent field biologist of the 20th century"Friedrich Schlechter,"(18721925),",German botanistHermann Schlegel,"(18041884),",German ornithologistMatthias Jakob Schleiden,"(18041881),",German co-founder of the cell theoryGeorge Schoener,"(18641941),",German-American botanistJohann David Schoepf,"(17521800),",German botanist and zoologistHeinrich Wilhelm Schott,"(17941865),",German botanistJohann Christian Daniel von Schreber,"(17391810),",German naturalistLeopold von Schrenck,"(18261894),",Russo-German zoologistCharles Schuchert,"(18581942),",paleontologistTheodor Schwann,"(18101882),",German physiologistNeena Schwartz,"( born 1926),",American endocrinologistGeorg August Schweinfurth,"(18361925),",German botanistPhilip Sclater,"(18291913),",English zoologistGiovanni Antonio Scopoli,"(17231788),",Italian-Austrian naturalistHenry Seebohm,"(18321895),",English ornithologistPrideaux John Selby,"(17881867),",English botanist and ornithologistNikolai Alekseevich Severtzov,"(18271885),",Russian naturalistRichard Bowdler Sharpe,"(18471909),",English zoologistGeorge Shaw,"(17511813),",English botanist and zoologistGeorge Ernest Shelley,"(18401910),",English ornithologistSir Charles Scott Sherrington,"(18571922),","British physiologist and neuroscientist, winner of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on neurons"Philipp Franz von Siebold,"(17961866),",German botanistGeorge Gaylord Simpson,"(19021984),",American paleontologistRolf Singer,"(19061994),",German born mycologistJohn Kunkel Small,"(18691938),",American botanist (abbr. in botany: Small)Andrew Smith,"(17971872),",Scottish zoologistEdgar Albert Smith,"(18471916),",British zoologist and conchologistFrederick Smith,"(18051879),",British entomologistJames Edward Smith,"(17591828),",English botanist (abbr. in botany: Sm.)Johannes Jacobus Smith,"(18671947),",Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany: J.J.Sm.)James Leonard Brierley Smith,"(18971968),",South African ichthyologistJohn Maynard Smith,"(19202004),",biologistJohn Otterbein Snyder,"(18671943),",American zoologistSolomon H. Snyder,"( born 1938),","American neuroscientist, co-discovered endorphins"Daniel Solander,"(17331782),",Swedish botanistLouis Franois Auguste Souleyet,"(18111852),",French zoologistDouglas Spalding,"(18401877),","English biologist, discovered imprinting and conducted some of the earliest research on animal behavior"Lazzaro Spallanzani,"(17291799),",Italian biologistAnders Sparrman,"(17481820),",Swedish naturalistWalter Baldwin Spencer,"(18601929),",English biologist and anthropologistRoger W. Sperry,"(19131994),","American neuropsychologist, winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his split-brain research"Maximilian Spinola,"(17801857),",entomologistJohann Baptist von Spix,"(17811826),",German naturalistHerman Spoering,"(17331771),",Finnish botanistKurt Sprengel,"(17661833),",German botanistStewart Springer,"(19061991),","American ichthyologist noted for expertise in shark classification, behavior, and distribution of species"Richard Spruce,"(18171893),",English botanistAgustin Stahl,"(18421917),",Puerto Rican zoologist and botanist"Edward Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby","(17751851),",English naturalistJapetus Steenstrup,"(18131897),",Danish zoologistFranz Steindachner,"(18341919),",Austrian zoologistLeonhard Hess Stejneger,"(18511943),",Norwegian zoologistGeorg Wilhelm Steller,"(17091746),",Russian ornithologistJames Francis Stephens,"(17921853),",English zoologistKaspar Maria von Sternberg,"(17611838),",Bohemian botanistKarl Stetter,"( born 1941),",German microbiologistNettie Maria Stevens,"(18611912),",American biologistEdward Charles Stirling,"(18481919),",Australian anthropologistGerald Stokell,"(18901972),",New Zealand horticulturist and ichthyologistGottlieb Conrad Christian Storr,"(17491821),",German naturalistEduard Strasburger,"(18441912),",German botanist (abbr. in botany: Strasb.)Erwin Stresemann,"(18891972),",German ornithologistJohn Struthers,"(18231899),",Scottish anatomistSamuel Stutchbury,"(17981859),",English naturalist and geologistRichard Summerbell,"( born 1956),",Canadian mycologistCarl Jakob Sundevall,"(18011875),",Swedish zoologistMriganka Sur,"( born 1953),",Indian cognitive neuroscientist specializing in neuroplasticityHenry Suter,"(18411918),","New Zealand zoologist, naturalist and palaeontologist"William John Swainson,"(17891855),","English ornithologist, malacologist, conchologist, entomologist and artist"Jan Swammerdam,"(16371680),",Dutch biologist and microscopistOlof Swartz,"(17601816),",Swedish botanist (abbr. in botany: Sw.)Robert Swinhoe,"(18361877),",English naturalistColonel W. H. Sykes,"(17901872),",English ornithologistWladyslaw Taczanowski,"(18191890),",Polish zoologistArmen Takhtajan,"( born 1910),",Russian botanistPeter Gustaf Tengmalm,"(17541803),",Swedish naturalistCoenraad Jacob Temminck,"(17781858),",Dutch zoologistTheophrastus,"(372 BC  287 BC),","biologist and the successor of Aristotle in the Peripatetic school, popularizer of science"Johannes Thiele,"(18601935),",German zoologist and malacologistMichael Rogers Oldfield Thomas,"(18581929),",British zoologistCharles Wyville Thompson,"(18321882),",Scottish marine biologistWilliam Thompson,"(18051852),",Irish ornithologist and naturalistLouis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars,"(17581831),",French botanistCarl Peter Thunberg,"(17431828),",Swedish naturalistSamuel Tickell,"(18111875),",British ornithologistNiko Tinbergen,"(19071988),",Dutch ethologistAgostino Todaro,"(18181892),",Italian botanistSusumu Tonegawa,"( born 1939),","Japanese biologist, winner of the 1987 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for ""discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity"""John Torrey,"(17961873),","American botanist, first professional in New World"Joseph Pitton de Tournefort,"(16561708),",French botanistJohn Kirk Townsend,"(18091851),",American ornithologistThomas Stewart Traill,"(17811862),",Scottish doctor and naturalistAbraham Trembley,"(17101784),",Swiss naturalistMelchior Treub,"(18511910),",Dutch botanistHenry Baker Tristram,"(18221906),",English ornithologistRobert Trivers,"( born 1943),",evolutionary biologistdouard Louis Trouessart,"(18421927),",French naturalistFrederick W. True,"(18581914),",American naturalistGeorge Washington Tryon Jr.,"(18381888),",American malacologistBernard Tucker,"(19011950),",English ornithologistEdward Tuckerman,"(18171886),",American botanistEndel Tulving,"( born 1927),","Estonian-born Canadian neuroscientist, specializes in episodic memory"Marmaduke Tunstall,"(17431790),",English ornithologistRuth Turner,"(19152000),",marine biologistWilliam Turton,"(17621835),",British naturalistJakob von Uexkll,"(18641944),","Estonian biologist, founder of biosemiotics"Martin Vahl,"(17491804),",Norwegian botanistSebastien Vaillant,"(16691722),",French botanistAchille Valenciennes,"(17941865),",French zoologistFrancisco Varela,"(19462001),",Chilean biologistNikolai Vavilov,"(18871943),","Soviet botanist and geneticist, died in prison as a defender of ""bourgeois pseudoscience"" genetics against Lysenkoism"Damodaran M. Vasudevan,"( born 1942),","Indian physician, immunologist and educationist"Craig Venter,"( born 1946),",American biologist and businessmanEdouard Verreaux,"(18101868),",French naturalistJules Verreaux,"(18071873),",French botanist and ornithologistAddison Emery Verrill,"(18391926),",American zoologistLouis Jean Pierre Vieillot,"(17481831),",French ornithologistNicholas Aylward Vigors,"(17851840),",Irish zoologistRudolf Virchow,"(18211902),","German biologist and pathologist, founder of cell theory"Oswaldo Vital Brazil,"(18651950),","Brazilian physician and immunobiologist, discoverer of several antivenoms against snake, scorpion and spider bites"Bert Vogelstein,"( born 1949),",American geneticistKarel Voous,"(19202002),",Dutch ornithologist"Mary Voytek,",,American biogeochemist and microbial ecologistHugo de Vries,"(18481935),",Dutch botanistFrans de Waal,"( born 1948),","Dutch ethologist, primatologist and psychologist"Coslett Herbert Waddell,"(18581919),",Irish botanistJeremy Wade,( born 1960),Writer and TV presenter with a special interest in rivers and freshwater fish.Johann Georg Wagler,"(18001832),",German herpetologistWarren H. Wagner,"(19202000),",American botanistGran Wahlenberg,"(17801851),",Swedish naturalistSelman Waksman,"(18881973),","American biochemist, winner of the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on antibiotics"Charles Athanase Walckenaer,"(17711852),",French entomologistGeorge Wald,"(19061997),","American biologist, winner of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on visual perception"Alfred Russel Wallace,"(18231913),",British naturalist and biologistNathaniel Wallich,"(17861854),",Danish botanistBenjamin Dann Walsh,"(18081869),",American entomologistWilliam Grey Walter,"(19101977),","American neurophysiologist and roboticist, made a number of important discoveries in the field of electroencephalography"Deepal Warakagoda,"( born 1965),",Sri Lankan ornithologistJ. Robin Warren,"( born 1937),","Australian pathologist, winner of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery that most stomach ulcers are caused by a strain of bacteria"Charles Waterton,"(17821865),",English naturalistJames D. Watson,"( born 1928),","Nobel Prize-winning biologist, co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule"Philip Barker Webb,"(17931854),",English botanist (abbr. in botany: Webb)Hugh Algernon Weddell,"(18191877),",English botanist (abbr. in botany: Wedd.)Robert Weinberg,"( born 1942),",American cancer biologistAugust Weismann,"(18341914),",German biologistFriedrich Welwitsch,"(18061872),",Austrian botanistKarl Wernicke,"(18481905),","German physician and neuroanatomist, discovered Wernicke's area"Victor Westhoff,"(19162001),",Dutch botanistAlexander Wetmore,"(18861978),",American ornithologistWilliam Morton Wheeler,"(18651937),",American entomologist and myrmecologistGilbert White,"(17201795),",English naturalistJohn White,"(c. 17561832),",English botanistRobert Wiedersheim,"(18481923),",German anatomist.Prince Alexander Philipp Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied,"(17821867),",German explorer and biologist.Hans Wiehler,"(19302003),",American botanist (abbr. in botany: Wiehler)Eric F. Wieschaus,"( born 1947),",American developmental biologist and 1995 Nobel Prize-winnerTorsten Wiesel,"( born 1924),","Swedish-born American neurobiologist, winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on information processing in the visual system"Charles Wilkes,"(17981877),",American explorer and naturalistCarl Ludwig Willdenow,"(17651812),",German botanist and pharmacist (abbr. in botany: Willd.)George C. Williams,"( born 1926),","American evolutionary biologist, credited with introducing the gene-centric view of evolution""Mark Williamson, British biologist",-,-Francis Willughby,"(16351672),",English ornithologist and ichthyologistAlexander Wilson,"(17661813),",Scottish-American ornithologistDavid Sloan Wilson,"( born 1949),",American evolutionary biologistE. A. Wilson,"(18721912),",English naturalistEdward O. Wilson,"( born 1929),","American entomologist and father of sociobiology, two-time winner of the Pulitzer Prize"Sergei Winogradsky,"(18561953),","Russian microbiologist, ecologist and soil scientist who pioneered the cycle of life concept and discovered the biological process of nitrification"Caspar Wistar,"(17611818),",American anatomist and physician. The genus Wisteria is named after himHenry Witherby,"(18731943),",British ornithologistWilliam Withering,"(17411799),",English botanistCarl Woese,"(19282012),","American microbiologist, identified the Archaea, a major division of organisms""Felisa Wolfe-Simon, ",,American biogeochemist and microbial geobiologistWong Siew Te,"( born 1969),",Malaysian zoologist and Sun Bear expertFlossie Wong-Staal,"( born 1947),",American virologistSewall Wright,"(18891988),","American geneticist, co-founder of population genetics"V. C. Wynne-Edwards,"(19061997),","Scottish zoologist, introduced the hypothesis of group selection in evolution"John Xantus de Vesey,"(18251894),",American zoologistWilliam Yarrell,"(17841856),",English naturalistFloyd Zaiger,"( born 1926),",fruit geneticistEberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann,"(17431815),",German zoologistKarl Alfred von Zittel,"(18391904),",German palaeontologistJoseph Gerhard Zuccarini,"(17971848),",German botanistMargarete Zuelzer,"(18771944),",German biologist and zoologist